Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting females, representing 14% of new cancer diagnoses in the U.S. Detecting breast cancer early can have an impact on survival rates.
WellTuned spoke with Dr. Lisa Staton, a medical director for BlueCare Tennessee, to learn why getting screened for breast cancer is important and what to expect during this screening.
What is a mammogram?
Dr. Staton: A mammogram is an X-ray screening of the breast used to diagnose breast cancer. Mammograms can help reduce the chances of mortality by detecting breast cancer early.
What are the different types of mammograms?
Dr. Staton: There are two main types of mammograms: screening and diagnostic.
- Screening mammograms are used for routine checkups when people are not experiencing symptoms related to breast cancer.
- Diagnostic mammograms are used for people who are either symptomatic or need further evaluation after a screening mammogram. They’re also used to monitor people with a breast cancer diagnosis.
Why are routine screenings like mammograms important?
Dr. Staton: Routine mammograms are the best way to find breast cancer early. Mammograms can often find cancers up to three years before their symptoms are felt. They also promote more successful treatment and higher survival rates because cancers are best treated when they’re smaller and more contained.
Who needs a mammogram?
Dr. Staton: Data shows 1-in-6 breast cancers develop in females ages 40 to 50. Males, on the other hand, make up 1% of all breast cancer cases in the U.S. Experts suggest routine mammograms should start at age 40 for females with screening recommended every 1-2 years.
Since mammograms can detect the early stages of cancer, the earlier you go, the better. A diagnostic mammogram is recommended for people experiencing symptoms such as a lump on the breast, skin thickening or changes in texture/size, nipple discharge, or breast pain.
Females with an average risk of breast cancer (without reason to get checked early) have less than a 15% chance of getting diagnosed, although chances of having breast cancer rise with age.
You should talk to your doctor about a tailored screening plan if you have a higher-than-average risk of breast cancer, such as:
- Being age 55 or older.
- Having had breast cancer or experienced breast diseases in the past.
- Having someone in your family with breast or ovarian cancer.
- Having inherited changes in genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2.
- Receiving chest radiation therapy before the age of 30.
- Having any changes in breast or diagnosed with benign breast conditions
Modifiable risk factors also include:
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding smoking
- Avoiding a high saturated fat diet
What should people expect during a mammogram?
Dr. Staton: To prepare for the mammogram, make sure your underarms and chest are clean. Avoid deodorants, lotions and perfumes as they could affect the results. You’ll remove your clothes and jewelry from the waist up and will be given a gown to wear. The breast will be compressed between plates for imaging. This can feel uncomfortable but will be quick. The radiologist will review the mammogram and report the results to your provider.
“If you’re interested in getting screened for a mammogram, check with your primary care provider today,” Dr. Staton explains. “They can guide you in taking the necessary steps to proactively monitor your health and recommend the right screenings for you.”
Dr. Staton: 8 facts you need to know about breast cancer
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